Tuesday, June 24, 2014

Holy Scriptures Study 6. Toldot (Revised)

שלום.नमस्ते.สมาธ.Pax.سلام.Peace.साटीनाम.صلح.Kwey.Amani.Udo.Barış.ειρήνη.Pace.Paz.Paix.Fred.
Frieden.Vrede.Siochana.мир.امن.和平.平和.평화.Ingatka.Wominjeka.Aloha....
ૐ.אמן

Holy Scriptures Study, Week 6;  Toldot;  118.3.13

Toldot

Bereshit 25:19 – 28:9

Rivkah gives birth to Esau and Yaakov
Esau sells his birthright to Yaakov for red lentil stew
Famine arrives, and Yitzak travels to Abimelech, King of the Philistines, in Gerar
Adonai tells Yitzak to abstain from making Egypt his home;  promises numerous descendants
Yitzak calls Rivkah his sister;  Abimelech discovers actuality
Yitzak prospers and Abimelech bids him to leave Gerar;  Yitzak goes to Gerar Valley
Disputes emerge over wells
Adonai appears to Yitzak at Beer-Sheva;  Yitzak builds altar
Abimelech and Pikhol visit Yitzak to make Peace treaty
Esau marries 2 Hittite women
Yitzak commands Esau to hunt deer and prepare meal to receive a blessing;  Rivkah and Yaakov deceive Yitzak;  Yitzak provides blessing to Yaakov;  Esau becomes enraged;  Rivkah and Yitzak tell Yaakov to travel to Haran in Padan Aram
Yaakov leaves
Esau marries Machlath, daughter of Ishmael

--

There seems to be an interesting comparison between the property negotiations with Avraham (with Lot and with the Hittites) and with Yitzak (concerning the wells)?  What are some of the lessons/principles that we can learn from these examples?

Why do Abimelech and Pikhol travel to Beer-Sheva to find Yitzak to make a Peace treaty with him, after Yitzak already leaves Gerar?  What does Abimelech experience that prompts him to do this?  Why is there an absence of a dispute over the 3rd new well that is dug?

It seems as though the episode of the meal and the blessing (presumably with only a duration of a few hours) is the most detailed rendering within the Torah of such a specific set of events.  There is also the consideration of additional episodes, similarly detailed and of similar duration, such as:  the splitting of the Reed Sea, the provision Ten Commandments and the golden calf (in addition to the conferring of blessings).  How do these episodes compare?  Is there any significance within each, and/or within the similarities/distinctions?

--

Bhagavad Gita

Chapter 6  

“It is not those who lack energy or refrain from action, but those who work without expectation of reward who attain the goal of meditation.  Theirs is (True) renunciation.”  (6:1)
Spiritual awareness attained through selfless work;  stillness and Peace is the path for Yoga;  Detachment lend to unitive state.
“Reshape yourself through the power of your will;  never let yourself be degraded by self-will.  The will is the only friends of the Self, and the will is the only enemy of the Self.”  (6:5).
Mastery is attained by those who are self-conquered.
Sri Krishna provides directions for meditation.
The benefits of meditation are described.
“When a person responds to the joys and sorrows of others as if they were his own, he has attained the highest state of spiritual union.”  (6:32).
Arjuna asks how stillness of meditation can be achieved.
“It is (True) that the mind is restless and difficult to control.  But it can be conquered, Arjuna, through regular practise and detachment.”  (6:35)
Arjuna asks about failed spiritual aspiration;  Sri Krishna assures that all benevolent work results in ascension.

--

Bhagavad Gita

Chapter 6

“It is not those who lack energy or refrain from action, but those who work without expectation of reward who attain the goal of meditation.  Theirs is (True) renunciation.
“Therefore, Arjuna, you should understand that renunciation and the performance of selfless service are the same.  Those who cannot renounce attachment to the results of their work are far from the path.”  (v1-2).
“For aspirants who want to climb the mountain of spiritual awareness, the path is selfless work;  for those who have ascended to yoga the path is stillness and peace.
“When a person has freed himself from attachment to the results of work, and from desires fo the enjoyment of sense objects, he ascends to the unitive state.”  (v3-4).
“Reshape yourself through the power of your will;  never let yourself be degraded by self-will.  The will is the only friend of the Self, and the will is the only enemy of the Self.
“To those who have conquered themselves, the will is a friend.  But it is the enemy of those who have not found the Self within them.”  (v5-6).
“The supreme Reality stands revealed in the consciousness of those who have conquered themselves.  They live in peace, alike in cold and heat, pleasure and pain, praise and blame.
“They are completely fulfilled by spiritual wisdom and Self-(Realisation).  Having conquered their senses, they have climbed to the summit of human consciousness.  To such people a clod of dirt, a stone, and gold are the same.
“They are equally disposed to family, enemies, and friends, to those who support them and those who are hostile, to the (benevolent) and the evil alike.  Because they are impartial, they rise to great heights.”  (v7-9).
“Those who aspire to the state of yoga should seek the Self in inner solitude through meditation.  With body and mind controlled they should constantly practice one-pointedness, free from expectations and attachment to material possessions.”  (v10).
“Select a clean spot, neither too high nor too low, and seat yourself firmly on a cloth, a deerskin, and kusha grass.
“Then, once seated, strive to still your thoughts.  Make your mind one-pointed in meditation, and your heart will be purified.
“Hold your body, head, and neck firmly in a straight line, and keep your eyes from wandering.
“With all fears dissolved in the peace of the Self and all desires dedicated to Brahman, controlling the mind and fixing it on (Me), sit in meditation with (Me) as your only goal.
“With senses and mind constantly controlled through meditation, untied with the Self within, an aspirant attains (Nirvana), the state of abiding joy and peace in (Me).”  (v11-15).
“Arjuna, those who eat too much or eat too little, who sleep too much or sleep too little, will not succeed in meditation.
“But those who are temperate in eating and sleeping, work and recreation, will come to the end of sorrow through meditation.
“Through constant effort they learn to withdraw the mind from selfish cravings and absorb it in the Self.  Thus they attain the state of union.”  (v16-18).
“When meditation is mastered, the mind is unwavering like the flame of a lamp in a windless place.
“In the still mind, in the depths of meditation, the Self reveals (Itself).  Beholding the Self by means of the Self, an aspirant knows the joy and peace of complete fulfilment.
“Having attained that abiding joy beyond the senses, revealed in the stilled mind, he never swerves from the eternal (Truth).
“He desires nothing else, and cannot be shaken by the heaviest burden of sorrow.”  (v19-22).
“I am ever present to those who have (Realised) (Me) in every creature.  Seeing all life as (My) manifestation, they are never separated from (Me)”  (v30).
“When a person responds to the joys and sorrows of others as if they were his own, he has attained the highest state of spiritual union.”  (v32).
“It is (True) that the mind is restless and difficult to control.  But it can be conquered, Arjuna, through regular practice and detachment.”  (v35).
“Meditation is superior to severe asceticism and the path of knowledge.  It is also superior to selfless service.  May you attain the goal of meditation, Arjuna!
“Even among those who meditate, that man or woman who worships (Me) with perfect faith, completely absorbed in (Me), is the most firmly established in yoga.”  (v47).

--

Discussion Questions From Chapters 5 – 6

How does the focus upon Sri Krishna compare with the focus upon Jesus?  What is the nature of the “Universality” that both teach? 

How can teaching of knowledge and action be evidenced within additional traditions, particularly Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?

What is the nature of the confluence of the blessing conferred upon Avraham and the equanimity imparted upon Arjuna?

How does the teaching for meditation compare with Avraham’s recitation of Hashem and erection of an altar to Adonai?

What is the nature of the symmetry within the apparent paradox of mastery and self-conquering?

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Within Chapter 3, Arjuna asks about the nature of the action that Sri Krishna demands of him, and within Chapter 5, Arjuna asks about the distinction of action and renunciation;  what is the appropriate balance that is explained amidst the aggregate of the Bhagavad Gita (particularly considering the affirmation of the distinctions of responsibilities amidst the different varnas)?

Amidst the teaching regarding an individual simply being a conduit of the senses, and essentially abstaining from being “the doer,” what is the very nature of the “self” (small “s” emphasised)?  What is the nature of an individual’s consciousness/awareness that leads to the perception of existence?  What is the nature of the connexion between this consciousness/awareness and the material construct that seems to facilitate such consciousness/awareness, within the experience of life?  And what is the nature of this consciousness/awareness amidst the degradation of the material construct and the perceived “life” connected with this consciousness/awareness?  Does such consciousness/awareness exist beyond the experience of life;  and if so, what is the nature of that consciousness?  Is there legitimacy within the notion of those of our loved ones, who are passed from this life, continuing to “live”/exist (perhaps, at least, within a “conscious”/ “aware”) manner, as we are able to continue to remember such loved ones, and the manner in which our continuing thoughts, speech, and action are influenced from the aggregate of such loved ones?

What is actually meant by the “Lord of this world”?  Does this mean, “Brahman,” or does this refer to something else?  What is the connexion between the “Lord of this world” and “nature”?  Verse 14 seems to imply that “nature” behaves in a manner that is distinct from (and perhaps superceding of) the “Lord of this world;”  is this accurate;  and if so, what is the nature of the authority that governs nature?  What are the implications of all this regarding the phenomenon of Brahman?  Or does “nature” simply exist as a subordinate of the “Lord,” Brahman, with this teaching implying that such action is “beneath” that of Brahman, and is directly facilitated through nature (and perhaps implying that such action is indirectly manifest from Brahman through nature)?

Do “clouded judgment” and “wisdom obscured by ignorance” refer to an individual’s inability to recognise the equanimity within all circumstances:  that ultimately, beyond the experience of pain and pleasure, there is simply “that which is”?  How does this compare with the passage from Bereshit, within the Torah of Judaism, whereby, after Moshe asks Adonai who Adonai is, Adonai responds by saying:  “I am that I am,” establishing the Holy name of Adonai (HaShem, which is left unspoken):  “YHVH”?

Is “seeing the same Self” in all phenomena the consequence of proficient equanimity and understanding that all phenomena are ultimately derived from Brahman?  What is the direct and metaphysical nature of such understanding, and what are the implications therein?

How does an individual maintain such an understanding of the material Universe without having some form of direct “dependence on external support,” such as water and food with which to sustain one’s self?  What does such “independence” actually mean?

How does Chapter 5 compare with Kedoshim?

How does being “equally disposed to family, enemies, and friends,” compare with, “loving your neighbour as yourself,” and, “loving the stranger as yourself,” and “loving your enemy

The early passage within Chapter 6 provides rather specific directions in how to practise meditation, Yoga, and the religious doctrine of the Bhagavad Gita and Hinduism;  what similarly detailed, pragmatic constructions can be evidenced within additional religious traditions?  How does this compare with the animal sacrifices and the construction of the Mishkan, within the Torah?  How does this compare the “Lord’s Prayer,” and Jesus’s instructions to his disciples in ministering to others, within the Gospels?  How does this compare with the minor details of mere ethics of the Buddha, within the Digga Nikaya?  How does this compare with the guidelines for marriage, inheritance, and taxation, within the Koran?  What additional comparisons may be drawn?

Can “beholding the Self by means of the Self” also be understood within the notion of “experiencing compassion by providing compassion”?  How does this compare with Jesus’s teaching:  the measure one gives is the measure one receives?  And how does that compare with the mitzvah of utilising fair measures, found both within Judaism and Islam?

How does Verse 30 compare with the descriptions of Creation, provided from the Koran, as well as the narrative of Bereshit, provided from the Torah?  How does this compare with the opening of the Gospel according to John?  And how does the nature of the narrative context of the Christian Gospels compare and contrast with the that of the Bhagavad Gita (regarding whose story is told and who is doing the telling of the story)?

How does the dialogue between Arjuna and Sri Krishna compare and contrast with the respective dialogue between Moshe and Adonai, between Jesus and Deus, between Muhammad and Jibril and Allah, and between the Buddha and celestial beings as well as his religious followers?

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Digha Nikaya

Ambattha Sutta Chapter 2

Ambattha asks what is that righteousness and what is that wisdom
Buddha describes that only wisdom and righteousness are significant;  issues of birth, lineage, pride only emerge amidst marital arrangements
There is reference to previous teaching on morality
There is reference to previous teachings of confidence, through guarding the door of the senses, through the 5 hindrances, through the Wondrous Gift, through destruction of the deadly floods
The Buddha describes 4 Leakages (having yet attained the wisdom and conduct): living only on fallen fruit, living only on roots and bulbs, building a fire shrine, constructing 4-doored almshouse
The Buddha asks Ambattha whether Ambattha previously attains to any of these levels;  Ambattha denies
The Buddha describes the subordination of Ambattha’s teacher, Pokkharasadi, to King Pasenadi
The Buddha describes difference between Rishis and the Brahmins
Ambattha sees 32 signs within the Buddha (with 2 signs through Wondrous Gift by the Buddha)
Ambattha returns to Pokkharasadi and tells him the story of the interaction;  Pokkharasadi upbraids Ambattha
Pokkharasadi visits, with food, the Buddha, and asks forgiveness for Ambattha;  the Buddha forgives
Pokkharasadi provide the Buddha with another meal, and the Buddha discourses
Pokkharasadi joins the Sangha and becomes a disciple of the Buddha

--

In many of his parables, the Buddha reverts to previous, perceivably antiquated social structures and Theological notions to communicate his lesson.  Within this chapter of this Sutta, the Buddha effectively says:  Brahmins are as incapable of being Rishis as much as a Sudra is incapable of being a Kshatriya.  In the first chapter of the Ambattha Sutta, the Buddha responds to Ambattha’s devaluation of the Kshatriya caste to the Brahmin caste (and Ambattha’s derogatory references to skin colour) by similarly devaluing the Brahmin caste to the Kshatriya caste (from which the Buddha, Siddharta Gautama, originates) and similarly making derogatory references to the skin colour of Ambattha’s ancestors.  In another Sutta, the Buddha proclaims, effectively:  lightness of skin is inconsequential, and I am the lightest skinned person here.  How does a Prophet communicate a message, beyond the confines of the temporal contexts and concepts of the Prophet’s time, in a manner that the contemporaries of the Prophet are able to understand?

What is the significance of the 2 “concealed” signs?

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Gospels

Matthew 11 – 12

“And when Jesus had finished instructions his twelve disciples, he went on from there to teach and preach in their cities.”  (11:1).
John the Baptist sends disciples to inquire about Jesus.
“Go and tell John what you hear and see:  the blind receive their sight and the lame walk, lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear, and the dead are raised up, and the poor have (benevolent) news preached to them.  And blessed is he who takes no offense at me.”  (11:4 – 6).
Jesus upbraids ungrateful cities.

“At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on (Shabbat);  his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat.”  (12:1).
Jesus heals a man during Shabbat.
Jesus heals a demoniac.
Jesus proclaims all people who obey the Will of Deus to be his brothers and sisters.

--

Gospels

Matthew 11 – 12

“And when Jesus had finished instructing his twelve disciples, he went on from there to teach and preach in their cities.”  (v1).
John the Baptist inquires into Jesus, and Jesus proclaims the example of John the Baptist.
“At that time Jesus declared, ‘I thank (Thee), (Deus), Lord of heaven and earth, that (Thou) hast hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to babes;  yea, (Deus), for such was (Thy) gracious will.  All things have been delivered to me by my (Deus);  and no one knows the Son except (Deus), and no one knows (Deus) except the Son and any one to whom the Son chooses to reveal (Deus).  Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.  Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me;  for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.  For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.’”  (v25-30).

“At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath;  his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat.”  (v1).
Jesus heals a withered man’s hand during Shabbat.
“And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.  For the Son of man is (leader) of the Sabbath.”  (v7-8).
Jesus heals a demoniac.
“But when the Pharisees heard it they said, ‘It is only by Beelzebul, the prince of demons, that this man casts out demons.’  Knowing their thoughts, he said to them, ‘Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and no city or house divided against itself will stand;  and if Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself;  how then will his kingdom stand?’”  (v24-26).
“And if I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your sons cast them out?  Threfore they shall be your judges.”  (v27).
“When the unclean spirit has gone out of a man, he passes through waterless places seeking rest, but he finds none.  Then he says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came.’  And when he comes he finds it empty, swept, and put in order.  Then he goes and brings with him seven other spirits more evil than himself, and they enter and dwell there;  and the last state of that man becomes worse than the first.  So shall it be also with this evil generation.”  (v43-45).
“While he was still speaking to the people, behold, his mother and his brothers stood outside, asking to speak to him.  But he replied to the man who told him, ‘Who is my mother, and who are my brothers?’  And stretching out his hand toward his disciples, he said, ‘Here are my mother and my brothers!  For whoever does the will of my (Deus) in heaven is my brother, and sister, and mother.’”  (v46-50).

--

Discussion Questions From Chapters 9 – 12

How does the principle of equanimity intersect with Jesus eating with sinners and tax collectors?

Amidst Jesus’s explanation for the intended distinction of behaviour of Jesus’s apostles during his temporal life, and after his temporal life (specifically regarding fasting), is there the propensity of additional distinctions being similarly brought in a similar manner (perhaps including celibacy and additionally)?  If so, what may be considered “constant” teachings (such as love)?

What is the nature of Jesus’s conferring of authority?  How does this compare with that of Moshe?  How does this compare with 1st Dharma Talk of the Buddha?  And additional within Islam and Hinduism (perhaps also with Avram and Sarai, when entering Egypt)?

What is the nature of the serpent wisdom gleaned by the innocent dove?

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What is the metaphysical nature of the healing and forgiveness that Jesus provides?  By forgiving the sins of others, does Jesus actually incur the negative Karma of such individuals, and is this what eventually leads to his crucifixion?  And/or does Jesus transfer such negativity through his admonishment of the Pharisees and Sadducees?  What is the power that exists within forgiveness, and is it appropriate/possible for a 3rd party to effectively forgive someone within a dispute between 2 other parties?  Amidst the notion of Jesus dying for the sins of others, what is the consequence of individuals who transgress after receiving such forgiveness (does Jesus’s crucifixion exist as an “eternal fount” of forgiveness);  is such forgiveness automatic, or is it only conditional amidst an individual’s submission to the power of Jesus’s 3rd party forgiveness;  and if so, does such submission automatically exempt any person from subsequent transgressions? 

Jesus seems to essentially refer to his disciples as the “sick” and the “sinners,” calling the Pharisees the “healthy” and the “righteous;”  how does this balance with Jesus’s condemnation of the Pharisees and the religious authorities of his era, as well as with the Sermon on the Mount?

How does “desiring mercy rather than sacrifice” compare with the teachings regarding renunciation and service provided within the Bhagavad Gita?

How does the example of the “sleeping girl” appropriately shape perception regarding the resurrection of Jesus;  as well as the phenomenon of death, itself?

Why are the 12 disciples of Jesus listed with different names within the different Gospels?  How does this number, 12, coincide with the 12 tribes of Israel, the 12 months in a year, and additionally?

How do Jesus’s initial instructions to his disciples compare to contemporary conventional Christian Churches and ministries, as well as contemporary Christian missionary endeavours?  Is this an appropriate comparison, and what may the reasons for returning to, and/or becoming distant from, such lifestyles?

Jesus refers to Deus as the “Creator” of his disciples (and applying the masculine, parental term), and this is similar to traditional practises within Judaism;  what is the nature of the paradox of Gentiles, sympathising with the children of Israel, perhaps being considered effectively as “adopted” children of Deus (and maintaining a “natural” connexion with an area of land), and the children of Israel essentially proclaiming the right of stewardship of the “adopted” land of Israel (and maintaining a “natural” connexion with Deus)?  How do the respective connexions (respectively with Deus and with an actual area of land) influence the manner in which either group of individuals emphasise self-identification?

How does “brother delivering up brother” and “hated by all” coincide with Jesus’s teaching to accept his leadership because his burden is light?

Does the prophesy of persecution actually influence Jesus’s disciples to pursue such persecution?  How does this coincide with the influences of those who actually impose such persecution?

How does Jesus’s encouragement of his disciples compare with Moshe’s bolstering of the Israelites upon leaving Egypt and crossing the Reed Sea;  with Sri Krishna’s instructions towards Arjuna;  the Buddha’s address (and instruction for self-conquest) to his Sangha, and the Koran’s address towards the Umma regarding conflict with others?

How is Jesus’s teaching regarding “the sword” to be appropriately understood?  Does this mean that Jesus intends to directly wage violence against people or simply that Jesus intends to reveal difficult Truth to people in such a manner that it prompts confusion and violent animosity within individuals?  How does this compare with Jesus’s compassionate teachings and the Sermon on the Mount?

How do Jesus’s teachings regarding “brother delivering up brother,” “son against father,” “all these are my brothers and sisters,” celibacy, and additionally, influence the family construct within a conventional Christian community and society?

Why does Jesus proclaim exclusive proprietary knowledge of Deus?  What implication does this have on previous Prophets who exist before Jesus’s ministry, and many of whose teachings Jesus substantially relies?  Amidst the propensity of others previously knowing Deus without Jesus’s intercession, what propensity exists for others subsequently knowing Deus without Jesus’s intercession?

Is it actually necessary for Jesus to heal the man’s withered hand during Shabbat, rather than waiting until after Shabbat?  What type of authority is Jesus proclaiming as “leader of Shabbat;”  what are the implications of his proclamation regarding the nature of the connexion of humanity and the natural Universe;  what teaching is Jesus attempting to impart?  And how does the assertion of such leadership compare and contrast with Jesus’s teaching regarding “first being the last and the last being the first”?

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Koran

Sura Al Anam;  The Cattle

Allah is proclaimed as the Creator of Heaven and Earth
Rejectors of Truth receive consequences;  doubt proclamation of human believers
The Day of Judgment is described
There is the Proclamation of Allah as the only God
The behaviour of the disbelievers is described
Animals form communities similar to humans
All challenges and respite are provide by Allah
Each person is only accountable for each person’s own acts
Description of Allah’s intervention within dreams and death
Some take religion as an idle endeavour
Avraham challenges idol worshippers;  denies Stars, Moon, Sun as objects of worship
There is the description of additional Prophets
Allah brings the dead from the living and the living from the dead
There is the description of Creation from Allah
It is difficult for disbelievers to believe
There is the direction to eat all lawful food
Open sins and secret sins are prohibited
There is the description between the “expansion of breast” in Islam, and the haughtiness of disbelief
There is the description of specific, transgressive practices prohibited by Allah
Child sacrifice is prohibited
Righteous deeds of guardianship and trade are described
Each person receives what each person is due

--

There is the description of how Allah responds to the impiety of disbelievers, and how disbelievers eventually receive the consequence of such impiety.  There is also the description that all phenomena are derived from Allah.  So, then there is the consideration of why Allah even creates disbelievers.  Can the phenomenon of “disbelievers” be understood as the intrinsic existence of impiety, selfishness, and transgression that exists within each individual (including believers), and that the ultimate destruction of the “disbelievers” is simply a description of the ultimate destruction of “disbelief” within our own respective selves?  Is all of this simply a test of our own respective egos and consciousness?

Within the description of the communities of animals, is there any intrinsic, esoteric significance that can be understood as existing within animals, all sentient beings?

When the Koran denotes “Say:”, is that a command for the Prophet Muhammad, Peace Be Upon Him, or is it a command for the reader, recitor, audience of the Koran?  Is this meant as a figurative command, or are these passages meant to be read aloud?

It seems as though some of the challenges in reading the Koran is that each verse often communicates a distinct message, often upon different topics;  additionally, there seem to be only a few, extended anecdotal narratives through which to learn through the examples of the Prophets and teachers being described.

--

May Love, Peace, And Blessings Of The Highest Authority We Respectively Recognise, Known By Many Names, Including God, El Shaddai, Eloheinu, Elohim, Adonai, Hashem, Brahman, Nirvana, Dharma, Karma, Tao, Gud, Dieu, Deus, Dios, Dominus, Jah, Jehovah, Allah, Ahura Mazda, Vaya Guru, The Divine, Infinity, Logic, Wakan Tanka, And Additionally Be Upon The Rishis, Moshe, The Buddha, Jesus, Muhammad, Baha’u’llah, Guru Nanak, Zarathustra, Avraham, Yitzak, Yaakov, Confucius, Lao Tzu, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Black Elk, Martin Luther, Gandhi, Bob Marley, The Respective Indigenous Of Taínoterranea, Asia, Europe, Mediterranea, Africa, The Earth, Galaxy, Universe, Our Families, Friends, And The Universe.  Om.  Shanti.  Shanti.  Shantihi.  Amen.

שלום.नमस्ते.สมาธ.Pax.سلام.Peace.साटीनाम.صلح.Kwey.Amani.Udo.Barış.ειρήνη.Pace.Paz.Paix.Fred.
Frieden.Vrede.Siochana.мир.امن.和平.平和.평화.Ingatka.Wominjeka.Aloha....
ૐ.אמן
Shalom(Hebrew).Namaste(Sanskrit).Samadhi(Thai/Pali).Pax(Latin).Salaam(Arabic).Peace(English).
SatNam(Punjabi).Solh(Persian).Kwey(Algonquin).Amani(Swahili).Udo(Ibo).Barish(Turkish).Erieni(Greek).Pache(Italiano).Paz(Espanol).Paix(Francais).
Fred(Scandinavian).Frieden(Deutsch).Siochana(Irish).Mir(Russian).Amin(Urdu).Heping(Mandarin).Heiwa(Japanese).Pyeonghwa(Korean).
Ingatka(Tagolog).Wominjeka(Wurundjeri).Aloha(Hawai’ian).Peace(Common Symbol).Peace(Common Sign).Peace(American Sign).Peace(American Braille).
Om. Amen.



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